| Category: Drugs D |
| Views: 82 |
| Date: 17 Feb 2010 |
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Definition of medical terminology for Food.
Definition of medical terminology for Public Health.
Definition of medical terminology for Health.
Definition of medical terminology for Phenylpropanolamine.
Definition of medical terminology for Risk.
Definition of medical terminology for Stroke.
Definition of medical terminology for Research.
Definition of medical terminology for Marketing.
Definition of medical terminology for Healthcare.
Definition of medical terminology for Products c-mos, Proto-Oncogene.
The action of certain medications that inhibit the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses and thereby reduce spasms of smooth muscle (such as that, for example, in the bladder).
Definition of medical terminology for Nose.
Definition of medical terminology for Allergies.
chronic obstructive lung disease
Definition of medical terminology for Body Build.
Definition of medical terminology for Histamine.
Definition of medical terminology for Decongestants.
Definition of medical terminology for Pseudoephedrine.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Vessels.
Definition of medical terminology for Vessels Transposition, Great.
Definition of medical terminology for Nasal Bone.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Pressure.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
Definition of medical terminology for High Blood Pressure.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Pressure.
Definition of medical terminology for Pressure Increase, Intracranial.
Definition of medical terminology for Scopolamine.
Definition of medical terminology for Nose.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Prescription.
chronic obstructive lung disease
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Product Container.
Definition of medical terminology for Ever Married.
The hypersensitive response of the immune system of an allergic individual to a substance.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Health.
Definition of medical terminology for Foods.
Definition of medical terminology for Package Insert.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Nightmares.
Definition of medical terminology for Excitement, Psychomotor.
Definition of medical terminology for Lead.
Definition of medical terminology for Heat.
Definition of medical terminology for Stroke.
Definition of medical terminology for Infants.
Definition of medical terminology for Spastic.
Definition of medical terminology for Paralysis.
Definition of medical terminology for Brain.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
chronic obstructive lung disease
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Memory.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Nightmares.
Definition of medical terminology for Excitement, Psychomotor.
Definition of medical terminology for Elderly.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
Definition of medical terminology for Pain.
Definition of medical terminology for Glaucoma.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnancy.
A drug obtained from belladonna that is administered via injection, eye drops, or in oral form to relax muscles by inhibiting nerve responses.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnancy.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnancy.
Definition of medical terminology for Pseudoephedrine.
Definition of medical terminology for Pseudoephedrine.
Definition of medical terminology for Bone.
Definition of medical terminology for Fetus.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnancy.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnant Women.
Definition of medical terminology for Scopolamine.
Definition of medical terminology for Fetal Deaths.
Definition of medical terminology for Breast.
Definition of medical terminology for Milk.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Nursing.
A device that allows a baby to move about in a half-seated, half-upright position.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Secretions.
Definition of medical terminology for Breast.
Definition of medical terminology for Milk.
Definition of medical terminology for Reduced Glutathione.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Recommended Daily Allowance.
Definition of medical terminology for Medication Error.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Food.
Definition of medical terminology for Food.
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms.
Definition of medical terminology for Tobacco.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Healthcare.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Tobacco.
Definition of medical terminology for Medical Assistance.
The emotional tone a person expresses.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Syndrome.
Definition of medical terminology for Mouth Abnormalities.
Definition of medical terminology for Prostate.
Definition of medical terminology for Intestinal Amebiases.
Definition of medical terminology for Disease.
Definition of medical terminology for Disease.
Definition of medical terminology for Disease.
Definition of medical terminology for Pregnancy.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Diabetes.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Diabetic Acidoses.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
Definition of medical terminology for Risk.
Definition of medical terminology for Heart.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Vessel.
A tube in the body that carries fluids: blood vessels or lymph vessels.
Definition of medical terminology for Disease.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Vessel.
A tube in the body that carries fluids: blood vessels or lymph vessels.
Definition of medical terminology for Disease.
The action of certain medications that inhibit the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses and thereby reduce spasms of smooth muscle (such as that, for example, in the bladder).
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Blood Pressure.
Definition of medical terminology for Heart.
Definition of medical terminology for Rate Setting and Review.
The action of certain medications that inhibit the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses and thereby reduce spasms of smooth muscle (such as that, for example, in the bladder).
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Heart.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Directed Donation.
Definition of medical terminology for Doctor Patient Relation.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Food.
Definition of medical terminology for Glass.
1. A tasteless odorless colorless liquid with the chemical formula H2O.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
The practice of cutting tablets in half.
In pharmacy, a medication, usually mixed with a binder powder, molded and pressed into the form of a tablet,
Definition of medical terminology for Swallow.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Dosage Forms.
Definition of medical terminology for Forms.
A misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system, the body system of defense against foreign invaders, particularly pathogens (the agents of infection).
chronic obstructive lung disease
In pharmacy, a medication, usually mixed with a binder powder, molded and pressed into the form of a tablet,
Definition of medical terminology for Doctor Patient Relation.
Definition of medical terminology for Infants.
Definition of medical terminology for Recommended Daily Allowance.
Definition of medical terminology for Dosage Forms.
Definition of medical terminology for Forms.
A misguided reaction to foreign substances by the immune system, the body system of defense against foreign invaders, particularly pathogens (the agents of infection).
chronic obstructive lung disease
In pharmacy, a medication, usually mixed with a binder powder, molded and pressed into the form of a tablet,
Definition of medical terminology for Doctor Patient Relation.
Definition of medical terminology for Infants.
Definition of medical terminology for Recommended Daily Allowance.
Nationwide Evaluation of X-ray Trends (CDRH)
Definition of medical terminology for Schedule.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Light.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Skin Tests.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Sweat.
Definition of medical terminology for Exercise.
Definition of medical terminology for Heat.
Definition of medical terminology for Stroke.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
The action of certain medications that inhibit the transmission of parasympathetic nerve impulses and thereby reduce spasms of smooth muscle (such as that, for example, in the bladder).
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
The use of special eye exercises to address eye defects, such as strabismus.
Definition of medical terminology for Vision.
Definition of medical terminology for Drive.
Definition of medical terminology for Well Differentiated Oligodendroglioma.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Light.
Definition of medical terminology for Light.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicines.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Sleeping Sickness, African.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Doctor Patient Relation.
Definition of medical terminology for Surgery.
Definition of medical terminology for Dental Abrasion.
Definition of medical terminology for Emergency.
Definition of medical terminology for Dentist.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Saliva.
Definition of medical terminology for Dentist.
Definition of medical terminology for Infections.
Definition of medical terminology for Emergency.
Definition of medical terminology for Overdose.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms.
Definition of medical terminology for Lead.
Definition of medical terminology for Death.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Attention getting is not a simple automatic act.
Definition of medical terminology for Emergency.
Definition of medical terminology for Overdose.
Definition of medical terminology for Feeling.
Definition of medical terminology for Pseudoephedrine.
Definition of medical terminology for Rash, Diaper.
Definition of medical terminology for Bleeding.
Attention getting is not a simple automatic act.
Definition of medical terminology for Treatment Cost.
Definition of medical terminology for Medicine.
Definition of medical terminology for Health.
Definition of medical terminology for Health.
Definition of medical terminology for Excitement, Psychomotor.
Definition of medical terminology for Patients.
Definition of medical terminology for Healthcare.
Definition of medical terminology for Professional Activity Studies.
The FDA, supported by results of a research program, requested that manufacturers voluntarily discontinue marketing products that contain PPA and that consumers work with their healthcare providers to select alternative products .
Antihistamine, decongestant, and anticholinergic combinations are used to treat the nasal congestion (stuffy nose) and runny nose caused by allergies and/or the common cold.
Antihistamines work by preventing the effects of a substance called histamine, which is produced by the body . Histamine can cause itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. The antihistamine contained in these combinations is chlorpheniramine.
The decongestants in these combinations, phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine produce a narrowing of blood vessels . This leads to clearing of nasal congestion, but it may also cause an increase in blood pressure in patients who have high blood pressure .
Anticholinergics, such as atropine, hyoscyamine, methscopolamine, and scopolamine may help produce a drying effect in the nose and chest.
Some of these medicines are available without a prescription.
Do not give any over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medicine to a baby or child under 4 years of age. Using these medicines in very young children might cause serious or possibly life-threatening side effects .
This product is available in the following dosage forms:
- Syrup
- Tablet, Extended Release
- Capsule, Extended Release
- Tablet
- Solution
- Suspension
- Tablet, Chewable
Before Using
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Very young children are usually more sensitive than adults to the effects of this medicine. Increases in blood pressure, nightmares or unusual excitement, nervousness, restlessness, or irritability may be more likely to occur in children. Also, when anticholinergics are given to children during hot weather, a rapid increase in body temperature may occur, which may lead to heat stroke. In infants and children, especially those with spastic paralysis or brain damage, this medicine may be especially likely to cause severe side effects.
Do not give any over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medicine to a baby or child under 4 years of age. Using these medicines in very young children might cause serious or possibly life-threatening side effects .
Geriatric
Confusion or memory loss, difficult and painful urination, dizziness, drowsiness, dryness of mouth, or convulsions (seizures) may be more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more sensitive than younger adults to the effects of this medicine. Also, nightmares or unusual excitement, nervousness, restlessness, or irritability may be more likely to occur in elderly patients. In addition, eye pain may occur, which may be a sign of glaucoma.
Pregnancy
For the individual ingredients of these combinations, the following apply:
- Antihistaminesa€”Antihistamines have not been shown to cause problems in humans.
- Atropinea€”Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in humans. Atropine has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animals.
- Hyoscyaminea€”Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals.
- Methscopolaminea€”Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in either humans or animals.
- Phenylephrinea€”Studies on birth defects have not been done in either humans or animals.
- Pseudoephedrinea€”Studies on birth defects have not been done in humans. Pseudoephedrine has not been shown to cause birth defects in animal studies. However, studies in animals have shown that pseudoephedrine causes a reduction in average weight, length, and rate of bone formation in the animal fetus.
- Scopolaminea€”Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in pregnant women. However, studies in animals at doses many times the human dose have shown that scopolamine causes a small increase in the number of fetal deaths.
Breastfeeding
Small amounts of antihistamines, decongestants, and anticholinergics may pass into the breast milk. Use is not recommended since this medicine may cause side effects, such as unusual excitement or irritability, in the nursing baby . Also, since this medicine tends to decrease the secretions of the body, it is possible that the flow of breast milk may be reduced in some women.
Drug Interactions
Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is not recommended . Your doctor may decide not to treat you with a medication in this class or change some of the other medicines you take.
Other Interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of medicines in this class. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
- Brain damage in children or
- Down syndrome or
- Dryness of mouth (severe and continuing) or
- Enlarged prostate or
- Fever or
- Glaucoma or
- Intestinal blockage or other intestinal problems or
- Kidney disease or
- Liver disease or
- Lung disease or
- Mental or emotional problems or
- Myasthenia gravis or
- Toxemia of pregnancy or
- Urinary tract blockage or difficult urinationa€”These medicines may make these conditions worse.
- Overactive thyroida€”If the overactive thyroid has caused a fast heartbeat, the decongestant and anticholinergic in this medicine may cause the heart rate to speed up further.
Proper Use
Take this medicine only as directed . Do not take more of it and do not take it more often than recommended on the label, unless otherwise directed by your doctor . To do so may increase the chance of side effects.
If this medicine irritates your stomach, you may take it with food or a glass of water or milk, to lessen the irritation.
For patients taking the extended-release capsule or extended-release tablet form of this medicine:
- Swallow the capsule or tablet whole.
- Do not crush, break, or chew before swallowing.
- If the capsule is too large to swallow, you may mix the contents of the capsule with applesauce, jelly, honey, or syrup and swallow without chewing.
Dosing
The dose medicines in this class will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor`s orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.
- For regular (short-acting) dosage forms (syrup, tablets, or chewable tablets):
- For allergy and cold symptoms:
- Adults and children 12 years of age and oldera€”1 or 2 tablets or chewable tablets, or 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls of syrup every four to six hours.
- Children 6 to 12 years of agea€”1 chewable tablet or 1 teaspoonful of syrup every four hours.
- Children 4 to 6 years of agea€”Use and dose must be determined by your doctor .
- Children and infants up to 4 years of agea€”Use is not recommended .
- For long-acting dosage forms (extended-release capsules or tablets):
- For allergy and cold symptoms:
- Adults and children 12 years of age and oldera€”1 capsule or tablet every twelve hours.
- Children 4 to 12 years of agea€”Use and dose must be determined by your doctor .
- Children and infants up to 4 years of agea€”Use is not recommended .
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
Precautions
Check with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve or become worse, or if you have a high fever
Before you have any skin tests for allergies, tell the doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine. The results of the test may be affected by the antihistamine in this medicine.
These medicines may make you sweat less, causing your body temperature to increase. Use extra care not to become overheated during exercise or hot weather while you are taking this medicine, since overheating may result in heat stroke. Also hot baths or saunas may make you dizzy or faint while you are taking this medicine.
The anticholinergic contained in this medicine may cause some people to have blurred vision . Make sure your vision is clear before you drive or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are not able to see well . These medicines may also cause your eyes to become more sensitive to light than they are normally. Wearing sunglasses may help lessen the discomfort from bright light.
These medicines may cause some people to become dizzy or drowsy. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert.
The decongestant in this medicine may cause some people to be nervous or restless or to have trouble in sleeping . If you have trouble in sleeping, take the last dose of this medicine for each day a few hours before bedtime. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor .
Before having any kind of surgery (including dental surgery) or emergency treatment, tell the medical doctor or dentist in charge that you are taking this medicine.
This medicine may cause dryness of the mouth, nose, and throat. For temporary relief, use sugarless candy or gum, melt bits of ice in your mouth, or use a saliva substitute. However, if your mouth continues to feel dry for more than 2 weeks, check with your dentist. Continuing dryness of the mouth may increase the chance of dental disease, including tooth decay, gum disease, and fungus infections.
If you think you or someone else may have taken an overdose, get emergency help at once. Taking an overdose of this medicine or taking this medicine with alcohol or other CNS depressants may lead to unconsciousness and possibly death.
Side Effects
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention .
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
- Clumsiness or unsteadiness
- Convulsions (seizures)
- Drowsiness (severe)
- Dryness of mouth, nose, or throat (severe)
- Fast heartbeat
- Flushing or redness of face
- Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there)
- Headache (continuing)
- Shortness of breath or troubled breathing
- Trouble in sleeping
For pseudoephedrine only
- Unusual nervousness, restlessness, or excitement
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
- Irregular or slow heartbeat
- Mood or mental changes
- Skin rash, hives, or itching
- Sore throat and fever
- Tightness in chest
- Unusual bleeding or bruising
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention . These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
- Drowsiness
- Nervousness
- Restlessness
- Thickening of mucus
- Trouble in sleeping
Less common
- Blurred vision
- Confusion
- Difficult or painful urination
- Dizziness
- Dryness of mouth, nose, or throat
- Fast or pounding heartbeat
- Headache
- Increased sweating
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
- Nightmares
- Ringing or buzzing in ears
- Trembling
- Unusual excitement, nervousness, restlessness, or irritability
- Unusual paleness
- Weakness
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional .
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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