| Category: Drugs B |
| Views: 89 |
| Date: 12 Feb 2010 |
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Description: Oral cholecystographic agents are radiopaque agents.
Definition of medical terminology for Drugs.
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1. High-energy radiation with waves shorter than those of visible light.
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1. High-energy radiation with waves shorter than those of visible light.
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The hypersensitive response of the immune system of an allergic individual to a substance.
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Definition of medical terminology for Iopanoic Acid.
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Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, one of the less well known B vitamins, perhaps because it is widely distributed in nature.
Definition of medical terminology for Problems and Exercises (PT).
Definition of medical terminology for Iodine.
Definition of medical terminology for Hypothyroidism.
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The belly, that part of the body that contains all of the structures between the chest and the pelvis.
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Definition of medical terminology for Tyropanoate.
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An organic chemical in which one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to carbon (C) atoms in place of hydrogen (H) atoms.
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The emotional tone a person expresses.
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The hypersensitive response of the immune system of an allergic individual to a substance.
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1. A tasteless odorless colorless liquid with the chemical formula H2O.
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A nonspecific term meaning the accumulation of excess fluids in body tissues,
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These directives pertain to treatment preferences and the designation of a surrogate decision-maker in the event that a person should become unable to make medical decisions on their own behalf.
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Definition of medical terminology for Iodine.
An herbicide and defoliant containing 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T and trace amounts of dioxin.
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Attention getting is not a simple automatic act.
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A common condition and an abnormal one in which acid in the stomach rises up into the esophagus.
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Radiopaque agents are drugs used to help diagnose certain medical problems . These agents contain iodine, which blocks x-rays. Depending on how the radiopaque agent is given, it localizes or builds up in certain areas of the body . When radiopaque agents are inside the body they will appear white on the x-ray film. This creates the needed distinction, or contrast, between one organ and other tissues. This will help the doctor see any special conditions that may exist in that organ or part of the body .
The oral cholecystographic agents are taken by mouth before x-ray tests to help check for problems of the gallbladder and the biliary tract.
These radiopaque agents are to be given only by or under the direct supervision of a doctor .
Ipodate was discontinued by the United States manufacturer in 1999.
This product is available in the following dosage forms:
- Suspension
- Powder for Suspension
- Tablet
- Paste
- Capsule
- Solution
Before Using
In deciding to receive a diagnostic test, the risks of taking the test must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For these tests, the following should be considered:
Allergies
Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to medicines in this group or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.
Pediatric
Although there is no specific information comparing use of cholecystographic agents in children with use in other age groups, tests using iopanoic acid in children have not shown that these agents cause different side effects or problems in children than they do in adults.
Geriatric
Many medicines have not been studied specifically in older people . Therefore, it may not be known whether they work exactly the same way they do in younger adults. Although there is no specific information comparing use of cholecystographic agents in the elderly with use in other age groups, these agents are not expected to cause different side effects or problems in older people than they do in younger adults.
Pregnancy
Studies on effects in pregnancy have not been done in humans with any of these agents. Studies in animals have been done only with iocetamic acid, which has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems . However, on rare occasions, other radiopaque agents containing iodine have caused hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in the baby when given in late pregnancy. Also, x-rays of the abdomen are usually not recommended during pregnancy. This is to avoid exposing the fetus to radiation. Be sure you have discussed this with your doctor .
Breastfeeding
Iocetamic acid, iopanoic acid, and tyropanoate pass into the breast milk, and the other agents may pass into the breast milk also. However, these radiopaque agents have not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.
Drug Interactions
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.
Other Interactions
Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.
Other Medical Problems
The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of diagnostic tests in this class. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
- Asthma, hay fever, or other allergies (history of) or
- Previous reaction to penicillins or to a skin test for allergiesa€”Patients with these conditions have a greater chance of having a reaction, such as an allergic reaction .
- Heart diseasea€”Other problems, such as low blood pressure or slow heartbeat, may occur.
- Kidney disease or
- Liver disease (severe)a€”Serious kidney problems may result.
- Overactive thyroida€”A sudden increase in symptoms, such as fast heartbeat or palpitations, fatigue, nervousness, excessive sweating, and muscle weakness may occur.
Proper Use
Take this radiopaque agent with water after dinner the evening or evenings before the examination, following the directions of your doctor . Keep drinking an adequate amount of water, unless otherwise directed by your doctor .
Do not eat or drink anything but water after taking the medicine. Also, avoid smoking or chewing gum.
Your doctor may order a special diet or use of a laxative or enema in preparation for your test, depending on the type of test . If you have not received such instructions or if you do not understand them, check with your doctor in advance .
Precautions
Make sure your doctor knows if you are planning to have any future thyroid tests. The results of the thyroid test may be affected, even weeks or months later, by the iodine in this agent .
Side Effects
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention .
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Symptoms of overdose
- Diarrhea (severe)
- Nausea and vomiting (severe)
- Problems with urination
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention . These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
- Diarrhea (mild)
- Nausea and vomiting (mild to moderate)
Less common
- Abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps
- Diarrhea (severe)
- Difficult or painful urination
- Dizziness
- Frequent urge to urinate
- Headache
- Heartburn
- Nausea and vomiting (severe or continuing)
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional .
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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